Economic value of the Asafoetida (Hing)
Asafoetida (Hing) is one of the native plants of Iran that grows in the wild.
Its cultivation has become widespread in some regions of the country, in recent years.
In Iran, Asafoetida (Hing) gum is mostly consumed traditionally, and its consumption is limited within the country. Therefore, due to the lack of domestic demand, this plant is exported in raw form to countries such as India, the United Arab Emirates, and Afghanistan.
Various species of this herbal plant are cultivated in Afghanistan. However, owning high-quality Iranian Asafoetida (Hing), even Afghan traders purchase this plant from Iran and export it to other countries.
Iran possesses the highest and best quality of Asafoetida (Hing) globally. The pricing of this product is influenced by fluctuations in the dollar, in addition to the quantity of bitter and sweet gum extracted from Asafoetida (Hing).
Germany and Ireland are considered global leaders in revenue generated from herbal plant exports, surpassing even the considerable income derived from Iran’s oil exports.
Germany has strategically positioned itself as a major herbal plant export hub by importing raw materials from countries such as Iran, Pakistan, and India, and subsequently processing these herbal plants for global distribution.
Germany has a significant share of the export market for herbal products with a value of 49 billion dollars, over twice the revenue from Iran’s oil exports. Nevertheless, Iran has an advantageous geographical diversity with 11 different climate zones, making it theoretically an ideal location for growing and processing herbal plants.
Due to a lack of policy, planning, and significant investment, Iran’s share in herbal plant exports is approximately $ 550 million. Considering the climatic conditions, this share of the global market for herbal products is quite insignificant.
Herbal plants with export value include Asafoetida (Hing) gum, Tragacanth gum, galbanum gum, Persian gum, Damask Rose, Henna, Green tea, Malva, Chopped licorice root, Coriander seeds, Green cumin, Black cumin, Saffron, Tarragon, and etc.
Bulk And Wholesale Pure Organic Asafoetida Hing ( Fresh Harvesting)
Morphology
Asafoetida (Hing) is a perennial plant, reaching a height of 100 to 150 cm, with a base diameter ranging from 30 to 50 mm. It exhibits a yellowish color, characterized by grooves and a smooth, hairless surface.
The basal leaves, measuring approximately 30 to 35 cm in length and 15 to 25 cm in width, are mostly bipinnate, featuring lobes that are 40 to 100 mm long and 5 to 10 mm wide, either complete or lobed. The lower stem leaves are three to four times tripinnate, displaying a hairy texture and spanning about 30 cm in length and 20 cm in width. In contrast, the upper sheaths are nearly membranous, approximately 9 cm long and 4 cm wide, adorned with scattered hairs.
Panicles are generally abundant; the sections of the inflorescence and central fruiting umbel exhibit a short peduncle with four tall male structures in the central umbel. Fruit-bearing umbels possess 5-20 rays, reaching up to approximately 5 cm in length, with no hair, while the umbellets comprise about 17 to 20 small flowers and leaflets.
The petals, measuring 1 to 1.5 mm in length, are yellow and black hair. Ovaries are free from hairs, and the mericarps are 12 mm long and 7 mm wide, presenting a smooth surface without any hairs.
General information about Asafoetida (Hing)
Scientific Name: Ferula assa-foetida L.
Family Name: Umbelliferae
Type: Shrub
Medicinal Parts: Gum (Oleogum Resin)
Persian Names: Anguzeh, Angard, Abkhodan, Khorakma, Angoozakma
Indian Names: Hing, Perungaayam, Yang, Sap, Kayam, Hengu, Badika, Agudagandhu, Inguva, Ingumo
Medicinal Ingredients of Asafoetida (Hing)
- Carbohydrates
- Minerals
- Protein
- Fat
- Fiber
- Resin (64%)
- Gum (25%)
- Essential oil (10 to 17%)
Active Ingredients of Asafoetida (Hing) Gum
- Glucose
- Limonene
- Galactose (including rhamnose, arabinose, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glucuronic acid)
- Dimethylthiophene
- Dimethylpyrazolidine
- Ethyl octanoate
- Trimethylthiophene
- Methyl nonan
- Alpha-pinene
- Beta-pinene
- Trimethylthiophene
- Alpha-cadinene
- Tetradecane
- Beta-caryophyllene
- Beta-selinene
- Beta-ocimene
- Butyl disulfide
- Butyl phthalide
- Propenyl
- Hexanoic acid
Medicinal-therapeutic properties
- Anti-tumor
- Antispasmodic
- Antiplatelet aggregation
- Treatment of muscle cramps
- Treatment of colic and bovine plague
- Treatment of heart diseases and cancer
- Treatment of enteric infections
- Treatment of gastrointestinal infections
Asafoetida (Hing) Cultivation Methods
- Seed cultivation
- Seedling cultivation
Asafoetida (Hing) Cultivation stages
- Soil Preparation
– For the cultivation of Asafoetida (Hing), the soil must first be prepared.
– Special soil preparation is not necessary for rainfed cultivation, as the soil is usually rich in minerals and organic matter.
– If cultivation takes place on fields that were previously used for other crops, the soil must be prepared. The field should be weeded and then leveled on the slope.
– One of the most important steps in preparing the cultivation bed is to enrich the soil with organic material. Therefore, you should remove the large stones from the soil and cover the soil to a depth of 30 to 50 cm. Organic material such as compost should then be added to the soil.
- Asafoetida (Hing) Planting
– The planting time varies based on the region’s climate, with mid-December to mid-January being the optimal time.
– Asafoetida (Hing) is resistant to cold, and autumn and winter rains increase soil moisture, aiding in seed germination.
– Planting is done in rows, with a row spacing of no less than 1 m and a row length of at least 50 cm.
– Seed depth varies between 3 to 5 cm.
– Thinning of seedlings is carried out after germination.
What is thinning?
Thinning refers to the process of creating sufficient space for plant growth to ensure that all seedlings receive adequate moisture, light, and nutrients.
Thinning helps improve air circulation around the plant and prevents fungal diseases.
3- Growing (maintaining) stage
– Asafoetida (Hing) is a perennial plant that takes between 4 to 7 years to reach maturity and enter the harvesting stage, depending on the growing climate.
– In the first years of growth, weed control is essential. Weeds in furrows and rows should be removed manually.
– Dried leaves of the plant can be used as natural fertilizer, increasing soil organic content, preserving soil moisture, and preventing water and wind erosion in the field.
4- Harvesting stage
– Asafoetida (Hing) is typically harvested 4 to 5 years after planting. The older the plant, the more gum can be obtained from its roots.
– A reliable indicator for determining the harvest time is the drying of basal leaves. When basal leaves dry, the detachment of the taproot from its attachment point indicates it’s time for gum extraction.
- After drying the leaves, the root of the plant is cut to extract the gum.
Cutting Methods:
- Cross-cutting method
- One-sided cutting method
- Two-sided cutting method
- Combined cutting method (one-sided and longitudinal)
- Longitudinal cutting method
Explanations:
- The least effective cutting method is the cross-cut method, in which a 1 to 2-cm thick section of the upper root is cut off, damaging the terminal shoots and causing the plant to die after the gum has been extracted.
- The best method is a combination of the one-sided and longitudinal methods.
- In the longitudinal method, a portion of the soil around the Asafoetida (Hing) root is removed to a depth and width of 15 to 20 cm, exposing the root.
- After the root is exposed, a circular cut with a diameter of 3 to 5 cm and a thickness of 3 mm is made just below the plant’s collar on the longitudinal surface of the root.
- To prevent the contact of the gum with the bottom of the root, a flat and small stone should be placed under the cut part. This will reduce the amount of inconsistency and sand and dirt will not mix with gum.
- After cutting, gum seepage can be collected three days later.
- After the initial gum collection, another cutting can be performed after three days. It is advisable not to perform more than three cuttings.
- According to research conducted by Maleki Commercials, operators perform cutting approximately 40 to 60 times per plant during harvesting. Each Asafoetida (Hing) plant yields between 100 to 150 g of bitter gum per cutting.
- Sweet Asafoetida (Hing) plants are cut twenty times, yielding 60 g of gum per cutting.
- Each hectare produces approximately 150 kg of Asafoetida (Hing) gum.
After the last cut, it is necessary to wait for the plants to flower before deciding whether to continue maintaining them. If the aim is only to obtain gum without preserving the plant, the cutting can be continued up to 100 times, then the plant is removed. A new cultivation can then be started.
Propagation of Asafoetida (Hing):
- Seed Cultivation
- Seedling Cultivation
- Tissue culture
- The seed cultivating method is the easiest and most economical method.
– Under a temperature of 4°C, the seeds exhibit germination within 8 to 9 weeks, with over 80% of the seeds sprouting successfully at this temperature range.
Cultivation consultation
For specialized Asafoetida (Hing) cultivation, investors and enthusiasts can seek assistance from expert consultants at Maleki Commercial Group.
Utilizing the expertise of domestic and international specialists in modern agriculture, the Maleki Commercial Group is one of the leading consultancy companies in the field of medicinal plant cultivation, export-oriented medicinal plant processing, and the establishment of essential oil extraction units. They provide essential services to investors and those interested in the field of medicinal plants, implementing targeted planning and practical strategies, and contributing to the expansion of medicinal plant cultivation throughout Iran.
Consulting services by Maleki Commercial Group
- Specialized consultation for the cultivation of high-selling and export-oriented medicinal plants
- Consultation for the processing of medicinal plants
- Consultation for the establishment of industrial units for essential oil extraction
- Consultation for export-oriented packaging of medicinal plants
- Consultation for the sale of medicinal plants
- Consultation for the export of medicinal plants
- Consultation for identifying export markets
- Providing specialized and practical business plans for investors in the field of medicinal plants
Bulk sale of organic Asafoetida (Hing)
Maleki Commercial Group offers various types of high-quality, export-grade bitter, sweet, and dried Asafoetida (Hing) with standardized packaging. For more information, you can contact them via WhatsApp, Telegram, and Skype.
Major supplier of pure Asafoetida (Hing)
Maleki Commercial, a major supplier of pure Asafoetida (Hing), is one of the leading wholesale suppliers exporting various types of bitter and sweet Asafoetida (Hing) to India. Traders, bankers, and wholesale distributors in India purchase their required Asafoetida (Hing) varieties from this company.
Wholesale prices for organic and pure Asafoetida (Hing)
The wholesale price of Asafoetida (Hing) at Maleki Commercial is competitively priced, considering the high quality and organic nature of the product. Consequently, prominent Indian traders make bulk purchases from this company, attracting the satisfaction of numerous buyers by offering organic and wild products.
Bulk export of organic Asafoetida (Hing)
Maleki Commercial can supply quality-exported Asafoetida (Hing) to India, Europe, America, China, Turkey, and all countries demanding this exported product.
Wholesale of organic Asafoetida (Hing)
For bulk purchases of bitter Asafoetida (Hing) gum, sweet Asafoetida (Hing) gum, and Asafoetida (Hing) powder, traders and merchants can acquire various Asafoetida (Hing) types at wholesale prices from Maleki Commercial.
Bulk purchase of Pure Asafoetida (Hing)
To purchase pure Asafoetida (Hing) without any additives at competitive prices, you can contact us on WhatsApp and Skype.
